Drive mechanism



M. WARE DRIVE MECHANISM Nov. 5, 1946.

Filed Dec. 5. 1942 -sfsheets-sheet 1 Nov. 5, 1946. M. WARE DRIVE MECHANIYSM Filed Dec. 5. 1942 3 Sheets-Shet 2 Nov. 5, 1946. M. WARE DRIVE MEGHANISM 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 f Filed Dec. 5. 1942 4 TOF/Vize? ABY @created Nov. i "if DRIVE mCHANESE/ Marsden Ware, Huntington Ji/pods, Mich., assignor to Packard Motor @Car Gompant', Detroit,

Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application December i942, Serial No. 467,916 y (ci. ic- 282) il Claims.

i This invention relates to drive mechanism and more particularly to' drive mechanism for boats Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6 6 of .Figa

that can be driven from either one of two sources ci power.

Another object of the invention is to provide l drive mechanism for a propeller shaft and an engine accessory that can be operated byleither one of two sources of power.

Another object of the invention is to provide drive mechanism for a propeller shaft that can be operated by en auxiliary source of power through a synchronized clutch unit without shock and distortionthereby permitting the use of a lighter and smaller unit.

Another object of the invention resides in control mechanismfor drive mechanism in which a propeller shaft can be driven by either one of two sources of power.

Another object oi the invention is to provide a, pressure lubricating system, vfor drive mech-- anism actuated by either one of two sources oi The power device herein illustrated is especially adapted for 'boats but may have application for various other purposes. The main power plant is represented as a conventional internal combustion engine It having a crankshaft H and the auxiliary power plant is represented as a conventional internal combustion engine l2 having a, crankshaft i3. These engines can be selectively controlled to drive a 'shaft lll carrying propeller l5. Engine l@ is considerably larger and develops much greater power than the auxiliary engine which is generally utilized for maneuverpower, that will be eiective when either source of power is in operation.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings, which forma partici' this specication, in which: Y

Fig. l is a side elevational view, partly broken away, showing two sources oi power and-drive mechanism for operating a boat propeller shaft:

Fig, 2 is a sectional view oi a portion of the drive mechanism showing the forward and re'- verse mechanism driven by the higher source of power, a portion of the drive mechanism from the lower power source and connections whereby either drive mechanism can operate the propeller shaft and a lubricating pump;

Fig. 31s a perspective view ofea portion of the drive from the lower power source showing the forward and reverse mechanism and the control therefor;

Fig. 4 is another perspective view of the control mechanism shown in Fig. 3 showing the brake and clutch shifting control;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view taken transverse. ly through the mechanism shown in Fig. 3 to illustrate the gearing relation;

ing a boat around a harbor, or when conservation of fuel or minimum operation noise is desirable. v

The crankshaft l l; of the main engine is connected with the propeller shaft it through conventional mechanism contained in the forward compartment of casing i6 whereby forward or reverse drive can be established, or a non--driving condition may be had. Drive shaft li extends through the central compartment of casing It and has sleeve It splined on one end thereof which is connected to propeller shaft it, Bearing i9 carriedby wall |52 of the casing supports the sleeve while the forward end of the drive shaft is carried by bearing 2G mounted in a ange 2l extending axially from disk 22. This disk is xed to the crankshaft H by bolts 23 and has ixed thereto an internally splined annular driving ring member 2d. A clutch member 25 is xed on shaft il within the annular driving member and has teeth 26 adapted to be engaged by teeth 21 on a. shiftable clutch member 28. The ange 29 of a sleeve 30 is splined to the ring driving member 2t and the shiftable clutch member 28 is slidably splined to this ange. l

Between the clutch element 25 and the driving member 2451s arranged brake means. A hub 3l is splined to clutch member 25 and has angularly disposed peripheral cone surfaces on which brakelining material Si is xed. Ring members 33 encircle the hub and have interior cone surfaces complementary to the peripheral surfaces oi the hub. These ring members are slidably splined to the surrounding driving member 2t. A plurality oi coil springs 3d engage adjacent surfaces of the ring members 33 and exert a force normally holding them disengaged from the brale lining on hub 3|. The brake ring members are drivingly engaged with hub 3l by manually operable mechanism including a plurality oi similar Y.

toggle mechanisms each including pivotally con-l splined'to'ring member 24 and between the actuator ring and the front brake `ring member is arranged a plurality of coil springs 39 against which the actuator ring acts to engage the forwardbrake ring member with hub 3|. Arms 48 are shifted to operate the toggle mechanisms, and such arms are anchored to pin 31 and to shift sleeve 4I carrying trunnions 42 engaged by a fork on lever 43 rockable on pivot 44 in the casing.

In the position shown in Fig. 2, the mechanism is adjusted for reverse drive. The shift sleeve 4I is in its rearmost position and the .toggle mechanisms are collapsed so that springs 34 will disengage the brake ring members from hub 3 I. The slrilftable clutch member 28 will be disengaged from clutch member 25, and the drive will be direct from crankshaft II to the drive ring member 24 and throughthe sleeve iiange 29 to reverse gearing to be hereinafter described. When the lever 42 is rocked to move the sleeve 48 forwardly, the toggle mechanisms are shifted outwardly causing the rear brake member to rst l same speed before the sleeve 4| has been shifted sufficiently to engage clutch teeth 21 with clutch teeth 28. As the sleeve. is' moved forward, bolts 45 and surrounding springs 46 are moved forward until the springs engage the clutch member 28 and shift itinto engagement with clutch member' 25. These bolts are screwed into the sleeve and extend through openings in sleeveflange 29 and the clutch member 28.

Lever 43 has a roller 41 at its upper end bearing against a cam actuator 48 fixed on shaft-.'49

' that can be oscillated by hand 'lever 58. When the cam actuator rocks the lever 43 to the position shown in Fig. 2, the .brake ring members and clutch 28 will be disengaged for reverse drive. When the lever 58 is moved forwardly from this position the roller 41 will be engaged in recess 5I on the cam actuator to shift the brake ring members intoengagement with the hub 3| and driving member 29 and clutch 28 to hub 25 fixed to shaft I1.

The sleeve 38 is splined on another sleeve 52 having a gear 53 on the rear end thereof for driving reverse gearing. This gear 53 meshes with a plurality of wide gears 54 which in turn mesh with idler reverse gears (not shown) for driving a plurality of gears 55 meshing with gear 56 splined on shaft'I1. Gears 54, the idler gears and gears 55 are rotatably mounted on shafts, such as indicated at 51, mounted on a carrier drum 58'. This drum can be held stationary or released by suitable brake means 59 arranged to be operated by linkage 68 connected to the cam actuator. This arrangement is such that the brake means will be applied when the sleeve 4I is in the clutch releasing position shown in Fig. 2, whereby the drive will be transmitted through the reverse gearing from sleeve 38 to gear 56 fixed on shaftvl1. When the cam actuator is moved to engage clutch elements 25 and 28, the brake means will be released and the reverse gearing will idle.

Gear 62 is splined to shaft 1, in the rear section of casing I6 between sleeve I8 and gear 56, and meshes with gear 83. These gears will be rotated from shaft I1 when shaft |I is driven either forward or reverse. An accessory, such as generator 84, is mounted on the casing I6 and has a shaft 85`on which gear 66 is fixed and such gear meshes with gear 63. Gears 63 and 82 also serve as a part of the auxiliary drive mechanism between shaft |1 and the source of power I2.

In this auxiliary drive there is a selective forward or reverse drive mechanism arranged between drive shaft 18 and driven shaft 1|, see F'ig. 3, shaft 18 being connected with crankshaft I3 by a suitable coupling member 12. Sleeve sun gear 13 is splined on the drive shaft and relatively long gears 14 mesh therewith. Gears 15 mesh with gears 14 and with sleeve gear 16 splined on the driven shaft. Gears 14 and 15 are mounted on pins 18 mounted oncarrier 11 around which is arranged brake band 18. The ends of the band have ears 19 and 88 fixed thereto operable to en- Sage or release the band. When the ears are moved toward each other, the band will be apthe clutch member `28 into positive engagement with clutch member 25 to give direct drive from plied to the carrier so that the drive from shaft 18 to shaft 1I will be reversed through gear train 13, 14,15 and 18.

Splined to shaft 1 I adjacent gear sleeve 16 is a hub 8l and between such hub and the flanged end 82 of the Acarrier is arranged clutch disks 83 alternately in driving relation' with such elements. A supporting ring 84 is screwed on the flanged end of the carrier and has bell cranks 86 pivotally mounted thereon. One arm of the bell cranks engages the clutch pressure plate 81 and, the other arms of the bell cranks are anchored to sleeve 88 mounted for axial movement on shaft 1I. Engagement of the clutch .disks will lock hub 8| with carrier 11 and as gear 16 and hub` 8|.Y

are splined tov shaft 1|, the reverse gearing` and casing will be locked so that the drive is direct from shaft 18 through the4 locked gearing and clutch to shaft 1 I. A

The clutch and brake for the auxiliary drive is controlled by the position of hand lever 89 fixed on rock shaft 98. An actuator 9| is fixed on this shaft and has an arm 92 to which. -link 93 is pivotally connected. Another arm 94 extends from arm 92 and is fixed on shaft 95. The actuator 9| and arm 94 have forks 96 engaging trunnions 91 on collar 98 rotatably mounted on the sleeve 88. When the lever 83 is moved to the left, as shown in Fig. 3, the forks will shift thecollar 98 and sleeve 88 am'ally to rock the bell cranks so that they react on the clutch pressure plate to engage the disk clutch and thereby establish forward direct drive. When such drive is established the brake will be released.

The brake is applied and released by mechanism connected with ears 19V and 88 and linkrod 93. An anchor member |88 is xed to ear 88 and a pair of curved link members I8| are pivotally connected at one end to the anchor member. Link 19 is connected to the other end .of these members I8I by pivot pin |82. Pin |83 extends across the space between members I8I,

adjacent pinfI82, and the forked end of a link |84' p engages such pin. Link |500 is pivotally connected with brake band ear '|9 by pin |05. Movement of lever 3, rocks arm 92 in the same direction carrying link 93 therewith. This movement of link 93 shifts members therewith causing 'ear 80 and ear 79 to be moved toward each other applying band 78 to the carrier 11.- Movement of shaft 90 to apply the brake band also moves the disk clutch actuating mechanism into clutch releasing position. When lever 89 is centrally of its range of adjustment, both the clutch and the reverse gear will be out of driving position, or in neutral.

Shaft 7| drives shaft I|0 and between such shaftsis arranged meshing reduction gears and H2. Between shaft 0 and the generator driving gear Gtis arranged clutch mechanism whereby drive from the auxiliary drive mechanism to the' propeller shaft can be established or disconnected. This clutch includes synchronizer mechanism for the purpose of bringing shaft ||0 to a Speed near enough to the speed of sleeve shaft |20 before connecting the auxiliary drive with the propeller shaft.

Sleeve shaft |20 carries gear I2| that meshes with the generator driving gear 63 and`shaft |2-2 is xed to rotate with shaft H0. Clutch ring |23, having internal teeth and an external cone brake surface, is splined on shaft |20 in the rear compartment of casing I and clutch ring |24 is slidably splined on shaft |22 and is formed with external teethIZd' ternal teeth |23' of clutch ring |23. Clutch ring |22 has a grooved collar portion |25 in which rollers |26 engage, see Fig. 6, such rollers being fixed to arms |2`| on sleeves |28 that are fixed on shaft |29. Lever |30 is xed to an end of shaft |29 extending externally of casing I6. A synchronizer brake ring |33 is arranged internally of the collar |25 of clutch ring |24 and has an internal cone brake surface for engaging the similar surface on clutch ring |23. This brake ring has ngers I 3| extending through slots in the clutch ring |22. Spring pressed balls I 32 carried by clutch ring |22 engage these fingers in a relation creating force sumcient hold rings |26 and |33 together when shifted am'ally, so that the brake surfaces Wi11 engage and synchronize shafts |22 and |20 before the teeth on the clutch rings are engaged.

When getting underway on the auxiliary engine, the auxiliary gearing and the main'gearing should be in neutral and the synchronizer clutch should be disengaged. 'Ihe 'auxiliary engine is then started, the synchronized clutch is next engaged and last the auxiliary gearing is shifted into either forward or reverse drive.

When transfer of the drive from the auxiliary mechanism to the main mechanism is desired, the main mechanism is in neutral and the main engine is started. The auxiliary mechanism is next put in neutral and the auxiliary engine throttle is closed. The synchronized clutch is next disengaged and the main drive'mechanism is shifted into forward or reverse drive.

When transfer ,to the drive from the main mechanism to the auxiliary mechanism is desired, the speed of the main engine is reduced and the main drive mechanism is put in neutral. The auxiliary drive mechanism must also be in neutral and the synchronized clutch disengaged.

The auxiliary engine is then started, the synchronized clutch is then engaged after which the auxiliary drive mechanism. is shifted into forfor engagement with the inaardse@ as to the right, as viewed in Fig.

. connecting the auxiliary 5 ward or reverse. auxiliary engine throttle is operated to speed up the auxiliary drive when being placed in driving relation because of the reduction in the drive through the generator drive gearing forming a part ofthe auxiliary drive. Thus at the time of drive mechanism in driving relation, the rotational driving force yof Athe propeller through the auxiliary drivev mechanism will have a minimum shock effect.

The rear portion of the casing I 6 houses a portion of shaft I1, a portion of sleeve I8, drive gears 62, 53 and S6, shaft |20, a portion of shaft |22 and the synchronizer clutch. .In addition to housing such elements, the rear portion of casing |6 servesto enclose and provide a part of a lubricating system for'the clutch |23, |24,|25

and the bearings adjacent thereto and gears 62,

S9 and 55. Sleeve shaft |20 is carried by roller bearing |59 and ball bearing |5I, such bearings being mounted in rear Shaft |22 is supported at one end by ball bearing |53 and by roller bearing |54 mounted interiorly of sleeve shaft |20.

An accessory, tachably secured to the bottom of the central compartment of casing I6 and the housing for the pump Acomprises a main portion and a cover portion |51. Gears |58,v |59 are mounted in the pump housing and the shaft portion of gear |5`| projects through the housing and has drive gear |60. This drivegear is arranged to mesh with gear S2 when the pump unit is assembled with the casing. The pump housing is formed with an oil inlet passage 6| leading from adjacent the bottom of casing i6 to the pump gears. An oil outlet passage |52 is formed in the pump housing and leads from the pump gears to a passage |03 in wall |52 which terminates in a `circular groove |64 around bearing |9. An-

other circular groove |55 is formed around the clutch housing |61 and is connected with 'groove |62 by passage |66 in wall 52. Oil flows from groove. |65 to the interior of the clutch compartment of the casing through an opening |60, having a restricted outlet end, to lubricate the clutch elements. A disk |69 rotates with shaft |22 in the clutch compartment of the casing to throw oil into bearing through passage |10 in the casing wall. Oil from the clutch casing will work through bearings |5| and |50 and will drain onto gears 2|, S3, 62 and |60. There is a drain passage in wall |52 through which oil passes from the clutch casing compartment back into the central compartment will accumulate adjacent the pump and be drawn into the pump housing for recirculation through the lubricating circuits.

It will be seenthat the two accessory devices will be driven with thel drive shaft I1 whenever it is rotated by either of the power-operated mechanisms.v The general driving structure is simplied because the accessory drive is utilizedy as a driving connection between the auxiliary drive mechanism andthe drive shaft l1 when the main drive mechanism is rendered ineffective.` Byv means of the various controls vfor the power driving mechanisms, either mechanism can be selected to operate the propeller shaft and the accessories in either forward or reverse drive.

g the accessories in reversev will, of course, render them ineffective but this has no ill eect If the boat is in motion, the

wall |52 of they casing I6.

such as a pump unitv |55,V is de- |53 and such oil'can drain back i linto the clutch compartment of the casing applications which will readily occur to persons skilled inthe art. The invention is therefore to be limited only as indicated by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is: 1. In a boat driving mechanism, the combination with a propeller shaft, of a mainengine,

direct connecting, reversing and disconnectingY mechanism between said engine and the propeller shaft, an auxiliary engine, direct connecting, reversing and disconnecting mechanism for said auxiliary engine, a reduction gear mechanism driven by said latter mechanism, a. drive shaft driven by said gear mechanism, a. second reduction gear mechanism geared to drive saidpropeller shaft, connecting and disconnecting mechanism between said drive shaft and said second'` reduction gear mechanism,.and an accessory drive gearing formed as a part of said second reduction gear mechanism.

2. In a boat driving mechanism, the combination with a propeller shaft, of a main engine, direct connecting, reversing and disconnecting mechanism between said engine and the propeller shaft, an auxiliary engine, direct connecting, reversing and disconnecting mechanism for said auxiliary engine, a reduction gear mecha nism driven by said latter mechanism, a drive shaft -driven by said gear mechanism, a second reduction gear mechanism geared to drive said propeller shaft, and connecting and disconnecting mechanism between said driveV shaft `and said A second reduction gear mechanism. f

3. In a boat driving mechanism, the combina tion with a propeller shaft, of a main engine, direct connecting., reversing and disconnecting mechanism between said engine and the propeller shaft, an auxiliary engine, direct connecting, re-

' versing and disconnecting mechanism for said auxiliary engine, a reduction gear mechanism driven by said latter mechanism, and connectingA and disconnecting mechanism between said reduction gear mechanism and the propeller shaft.

4. In a boat driving mechanism, the combination with a propeller shaft, of a main engine,

mechanism between said engine and the propeller shaft, an auxiliary engine., direct connecting, reversing and disconnecting mechanism for said auxiliary engine, a reduction gear mechanism driven by saldlatter mechanism, a `drive shaft Idriven by said gear mechanism, a second Areducy direct connecting, reversing and disconnecting bination with a propeller shaft, of a main engine,

a. connecting shaft between the main engine and the propeller shaft, a gear on said connecting shaft, an auxiliary engine, a gear driven by said auxiliary engine, anidler gear between the last mentioned gear and the gear on the connecting shaft, an accessory driven by said idler gear and an accessory driven by the gear on said connect-y i ing Shaft.

7. In a boat propelling mechanism, the combination with a propeller shaft, of a main high,

output engine, means to connect said engine to and disconnect it from the propeller shaft, a smaller high speed engine, and means connecting said smaller engine with said propeller shaft, said latter means comprising an intermediate shaft, connecting and disconnecting means and a reduction gearing between said auxiliary engine and said intermediate shaft.' and connecting and disconnecting means and a reduction gearing between said auxiliary shaft and said propeller shaft.

8. In a boat propelling means, the combination with a propeller shaft, of an engine, direct connecting, reverse and disconnecting mechanism for said engine, reduction gearing driven by said mechanism, a drive shaft driven by said reduction gearing, a second reduction gearing between' said drive shaft and said propeller shaft, and means for connecting said drive shaft to and disshaft, a relatively lower powered auxiliary engine,

and connecting and disconnecting means and a reduction gearing betweensaid auxiliary engine and the propeller shaft, and accessory drive mechanism so connected as to be driven when either the main engine or the auxiliary engine is connected for driving the propeller shaft.

10. In a boat propelling mechanism, the combinationwith a propeller shaft, of a main engine, means for direct one-to-one connection of said engine to said propeller shaft, an auxiliary engine of relatively lower power than the main engine, a reduction gearing between said auxiliary engine and said propeller shaft, an engine accessory, means for driving said accessory from either the main engine or the auxiliary engine which means includes part of said reduction gearing, said latter means driving said accessory faster. relative to the main engine than to the auxiliary engine.

11. In a boat propelling mechanism, the comhination with a propeller shaft, of a. main engine,

means connecting said engine to the propeller shaft, an auxiliary engine, an engine accessory, a 

